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Examined Doctrine

John Calvin on the Lord's Supper

1509 – 1564 · REFORMED
READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCEAFFIRMS°
STANCE

Real but spiritual presence, received by faith

The presence of Christ in the Supper we must hold to be such as neither affixes him to the element of bread, nor encloses him in bread, nor circumscribes him in any way... and it must, moreover, be such as neither divests him of his just dimensions, nor dissevers him by differences of place, nor assigns to him a body of boundless dimensions, diffused through heaven and earth.
Institutes IV.xvii.19 (Beveridge trans.)

THE POSITION

Christ is truly given and truly received, but the body stays in heaven and the Spirit does the carrying: 'what our mind does not comprehend let faith conceive—viz. that the Spirit truly unites things separated by space' (Institutes IV.xvii.10). Calvin fights on two fronts in the same chapter. Against a merely local presence he refuses any account that encloses Christ in the bread or gives him 'a body of boundless dimensions, diffused through heaven and earth,' since both wreck the true humanity (IV.xvii.19); the argument at IV.xvii.16-17 tracks the Lutheran 'in, with and under' and the ubiquity it requires, and says it makes Christ's body a phantasm and reopens the door to Marcion.

SCRIPTURE
1 CORINTHIANS 10:16 · BSB

16 Is not the cup of blessing that we bless a participation in the blood of Christ? And is not the bread that we break a participation in the body of Christ?

8 OTHERS HOLD THIS

AugustineJonathan EdwardsTim KellerSecond London Baptist ConfessionJohn OwenR.C. SproulWesleyWestminster Confession
The elements become Christ's body and bloodAQUINAS
True bodily presence in, with, and under the elementsLUTHER · PHILIP MELANCHTHON
A memorial and sign; no presence in the elementsM. HEISER · JOHN MACARTHUR · ZWINGLI
Truly the body and blood, with no account of the modeBASIL THE GREAT · CHRYSOSTOM · IRENAEUS
See all 23 figures on the lord's supper →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Reformer of Geneva and the most systematic of the first-generation Reformers. This entry rests on the 1559 Institutes of the Christian Religion in Henry Beveridge's translation, checked section by section, with Calvin's own commentaries on 1 John, John, the Harmony of the Evangelists, the Psalms and the Harmony of the Law used where the Institutes are thin.

18 OF 18 POSITIONS QUOTED
Everything Calvin holds →
Cite this page

"John Calvin on the Lord's Supper", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/calvin/lords-supper (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/calvin/lords-supper).

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