Council of Chalcedon on Election & predestination

451 · ECUMENICAL COUNCIL · DOCUMENT, NOT A PERSON

READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCENO POSITION FOUND

NO STANCE — AND WHY

No position located on this map

Searched in the sources read for this figure and not found. A limit of the reading rather than a claim about the figure — a source not yet read could settle it.

This one and the same Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son [of God] must be confessed to be in two natures, unconfusedly, immutably, indivisibly, inseparably [united]

The Chalcedonian Definition (451) — the whole of what the council settled

THE POSITION

Nothing in the Definition touches the basis on which God chooses the saved. Chalcedon exists to settle how the two natures are united in one person, and it does that and stops. The category was available in 451 — Augustine had been dead twenty-one years and the semi-Pelagian dispute was still running in Gaul — so this is a council declining a question, not a council that never met it.

WHAT OTHERS HOLD HERE

Unconditional — grounded in God's free choiceAQUINAS · AUGUSTINE · VODDIE BAUCHAM · CALVIN · JONATHAN EDWARDS · TIM KELLER · SECOND LONDON BAPTIST CONFESSION · LUTHER · JOHN MACARTHUR · GAVIN ORTLUND · JOHN OWEN · JUSTIN PETERS · JOHN PIPER · JOHN DUNS SCOTUS · R.C. SPROUL · CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON · WESTMINSTER CONFESSION · GEORGE WHITEFIELD · ZWINGLI

Conditional — grounded in foreseen faithJACOBUS ARMINIUS · CHRYSOSTOM · CHARLES GRANDISON FINNEY · PHILIP MELANCHTHON · WESLEY

Affirmed, held alongside real human responsibility, treated as non-dividingBILLY GRAHAM · JOSH HOWERTON

See all 36 figures on election & predestination →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Defined one person in two natures — unconfusedly, immutably, indivisibly, inseparably — against Eutyches. Received Leo's Tome and issued 30 canons.

4 OF 5 POSITIONS QUOTED

Everything Chalcedon holds →

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"Council of Chalcedon on Election & predestination", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/chalcedon-451/election (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/chalcedon-451/election).

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