Skip to content
Examined Doctrine

Council of Nicaea I on Election & predestination

325 · ECUMENICAL COUNCIL · DOCUMENT, NOT A PERSON
READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCEQUESTION NOT FRAMED
NO STANCE — AND WHY

The question is not framed in these terms

This locus asks in categories that came later. Assigning a stance would answer on the figure's behalf, so the summary records what was addressed instead.

And whosoever shall say that there was a time when the Son of God was not ... all that so say, the Catholic and Apostolic Church anathematizes them.
The Creed of Nicaea (325), concluding anathema — the council's one act of exclusion, and it is Christological

THE POSITION

Nothing in the creed or the twenty canons treats the basis on which God chooses the saved. The council's business is the Son's relation to the Father, the date of Easter, and church order. Election as a locus — whether God's choice rests on his will alone or on foreseen faith — is given its shape by the Pelagian and semi-Pelagian disputes of the following century, and the vocabulary of that dispute is simply absent here. The third kind of blank.

WHAT OTHERS HOLD HERE

Unconditional — grounded in God's free choiceAQUINAS · AUGUSTINE · VODDIE BAUCHAM · CALVIN · JONATHAN EDWARDS · TIM KELLER · SECOND LONDON BAPTIST CONFESSION · LUTHER · JOHN MACARTHUR · GAVIN ORTLUND · JOHN OWEN · JUSTIN PETERS · JOHN PIPER · JOHN DUNS SCOTUS · R.C. SPROUL · CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON · WESTMINSTER CONFESSION · GEORGE WHITEFIELD · ZWINGLI
Conditional — grounded in foreseen faithJACOBUS ARMINIUS · CHRYSOSTOM · CHARLES GRANDISON FINNEY · PHILIP MELANCHTHON · WESLEY
Affirmed, held alongside real human responsibility, treated as non-dividingBILLY GRAHAM · JOSH HOWERTON
See all 36 figures on election & predestination →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Settled that the Son is homoousios — of one substance — with the Father, against Arius. Also fixed a common date for Easter and issued 20 disciplinary canons.

7 OF 7 POSITIONS QUOTED
Everything Nicaea I holds →
Cite this page

"Council of Nicaea I on Election & predestination", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/nicaea-1/election (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/nicaea-1/election).

How citation works here