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Examined Doctrine

Second Vatican Council on Election & predestination

1962 – 1965 · ROMAN CATHOLIC COUNCIL · DOCUMENT, NOT A PERSON
READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCENO POSITION FOUND
NO STANCE — AND WHY

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Searched in the sources read for this figure and not found. A limit of the reading rather than a claim about the figure — a source not yet read could settle it.

the Father chose us and predestined us to become adopted sons
Lumen Gentium (1964), 3 ↗

THE POSITION

Lumen Gentium speaks of election in the words of Scripture: the Father "chose us and predestined us," and Christ's followers are called "not because of their works, but according to His own purpose and grace." It does not say on what basis God chooses, whether his free choice or foreseen faith. Like Trent, the council leaves that question where the Catholic schools left it.

WHAT OTHERS HOLD HERE

Unconditional — grounded in God's free choiceAQUINAS · AUGUSTINE · VODDIE BAUCHAM · CALVIN · MATT CHANDLER · JONATHAN EDWARDS · TIM KELLER · SECOND LONDON BAPTIST CONFESSION · LUTHER · JOHN MACARTHUR · GAVIN ORTLUND · JOHN OWEN · JUSTIN PETERS · JOHN PIPER · JOHN DUNS SCOTUS · R.C. SPROUL · CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON · WILLIAM TYNDALE · WESTMINSTER CONFESSION · GEORGE WHITEFIELD · ZWINGLI
Conditional — grounded in foreseen faithJACOBUS ARMINIUS · CHRYSOSTOM · CHARLES GRANDISON FINNEY · PHILIP MELANCHTHON · WESLEY
Affirmed, held alongside real human responsibility, treated as non-dividingBILLY GRAHAM · JOSH HOWERTON
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ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Met in St Peter's Basilica in four autumn sessions, opened by John XXIII and closed under Paul VI. It issued sixteen documents (four constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations) on revelation, the church, the liturgy, ecumenism, religious freedom and the church in the modern world. It set out to renew how the church teaches rather than to define new dogma, and issued no anathemas. The Catholic Church counts it the twenty-first ecumenical council. Quoted from the English translations on vatican.va; the official text is Latin.

11 OF 12 POSITIONS QUOTED
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Cite this page

"Second Vatican Council on Election & predestination", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/vatican-2/election (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/vatican-2/election).

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