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Examined Doctrine

Second Vatican Council on Justification

1962 – 1965 · ROMAN CATHOLIC COUNCIL · DOCUMENT, NOT A PERSON
READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCENO POSITION FOUND
NO STANCE — AND WHY

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all who have been justified by faith in Baptism are members of Christ's body
Unitatis Redintegratio (1964), 3 ↗

THE POSITION

Vatican II does not restate the doctrine of justification. The decree on ecumenism says baptized Christians outside the Catholic Church who "have been justified by faith in Baptism are members of Christ's body." The council uses the word in passing and does not define it, and Trent's Sixth Session is left as it stood.

WHAT OTHERS HOLD HERE

Forensic — righteousness imputed, not infusedJACOBUS ARMINIUS · CALVIN · MATT CHANDLER · JONATHAN EDWARDS · THE CHURCH OF ELEVEN22 STATEMENT OF FAITH · BILLY GRAHAM · JOSH HOWERTON · TIM KELLER · SECOND LONDON BAPTIST CONFESSION · LUTHER · JOHN MACARTHUR · PHILIP MELANCHTHON · GAVIN ORTLUND · JOHN OWEN · JUSTIN PETERS · JOHN PIPER · R.C. SPROUL · CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON · WILLIAM TYNDALE · WESLEY · WESTMINSTER CONFESSION · GEORGE WHITEFIELD · ZWINGLI
Includes being made righteous, not only declaredAUGUSTINE · CHRYSOSTOM
By infused grace, mediated sacramentallyAQUINAS · WILLIAM OF OCKHAM · POPE PIUS V · JOHN DUNS SCOTUS · TRENT
See all 36 figures on justification →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Met in St Peter's Basilica in four autumn sessions, opened by John XXIII and closed under Paul VI. It issued sixteen documents (four constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations) on revelation, the church, the liturgy, ecumenism, religious freedom and the church in the modern world. It set out to renew how the church teaches rather than to define new dogma, and issued no anathemas. The Catholic Church counts it the twenty-first ecumenical council. Quoted from the English translations on vatican.va; the official text is Latin.

11 OF 12 POSITIONS QUOTED
Everything Second Vatican Council holds →
Cite this page

"Second Vatican Council on Justification", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/vatican-2/justification (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/vatican-2/justification).

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