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Examined Doctrine

Huldrych Zwingli on Indwelling of the Holy Spirit

1484 – 1531 · REFORMED
DISPUTED AMONG SCHOLARSINTERNALLY CONTESTED°
STANCE

At regeneration, which precedes and causes faith

But if we be prepared without the sacrament for the reception of sacramental grace, the Spirit is present in His goodness before the sacrament, and hence grace has been shown and is present before the sacrament is administered.
An Account of the Faith (Fidei Ratio, 1530), art. VII, p. 47, Jackson & Hinke trans., The Latin Works of Huldreich Zwingli, vol. 2 (1922)

THE POSITION

Zwingli never asks when the Spirit comes to dwell, but he answers the question's substance twice over. The Spirit's illumination precedes and produces faith — the elect are drawn before they believe — and the Spirit needs no channel or vehicle, so grace is already present before any sacrament is administered. That rules out the baptismal answer explicitly and puts the Spirit's work before faith, which is the shape of indwell-regen. The stance is at contested because the term and the moment are supplied by this locus, not by him.

SCRIPTURE
JOHN 3:8 · BSB

8 The wind blows where it wishes. You hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit.”

9 OTHERS HOLD THIS

CalvinJonathan EdwardsSecond London Baptist ConfessionJohn MacArthurJohn OwenJustin PetersR.C. SproulCharles Haddon SpurgeonWestminster Confession
At the moment of saving faithJACOBUS ARMINIUS · M. HEISER · PHILIP MELANCHTHON
Through baptism, as the ordinary meansAQUINAS · AUGUSTINE · CHRYSOSTOM · LUTHER · WESLEY
See all 19 figures on indwelling of the holy spirit →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Reformer of Zurich and the first Reformed theologian to leave a confession — the Sixty-Seven Articles of 1523 predate Augsburg by seven years. He pushed further than Luther on the Supper, which split the early Reformation at Marburg in 1529, further than anyone on the reach of election, and further than any other Reformer on who might finally be saved. This entry rests on the Sixty-Seven Articles (1523), the Declaration Regarding Original Sin (1526), the Fidei Ratio sent to Charles V (1530) and the Exposition of the Christian Faith written weeks before he died in battle — the last of these read only in its chapter on eternal life.

13 OF 18 POSITIONS QUOTED
Everything Zwingli holds →
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"Huldrych Zwingli on Indwelling of the Holy Spirit", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/zwingli/indwelling (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/zwingli/indwelling).

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