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Examined Doctrine

Athanasius of Alexandria on Original sin & the human will

C.296 – 373 · GREEK FATHER
READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCEAFFIRMS°
STANCE

Nature wounded but not destroyed; grace perfects it

Against the Heathen 4.2
"she is after all made with power over herself"

THE POSITION

The fall is ontological decay rather than primarily forensic guilt or inability. Man was made from nothing and so mortal by nature; the image and the indwelling Word held corruption off, and the transgression forfeited that grace, so the race began disintegrating back toward non-existence. On the will he runs the opposite way from later Augustinianism: the soul after the fall retains self-determination.

SCRIPTURE
ROMANS 5:14 · BSB

14 Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who did not sin in the way that Adam transgressed. He is a pattern of the One to come.

2 OTHERS HOLD THIS

AquinasEphesus
Will in bondage; needs sovereign grace to be freedAUGUSTINE · VODDIE BAUCHAM · CALVIN · JONATHAN EDWARDS · THE CHURCH OF ELEVEN22 STATEMENT OF FAITH · M. HEISER · JOSH HOWERTON · TIM KELLER · SECOND LONDON BAPTIST CONFESSION · LUTHER · JOHN MACARTHUR · JOHN OWEN · JUSTIN PETERS · JOHN PIPER · R.C. SPROUL · CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON · WESTMINSTER CONFESSION · ZWINGLI
Depraved, but prevenient grace restores ability to respondJACOBUS ARMINIUS · PHILIP MELANCHTHON · WESLEY
Free will substantially intact; God and man cooperateBASIL THE GREAT · CHRYSOSTOM · IRENAEUS
See all 27 figures on original sin & the human will →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Defender of Nicene orthodoxy against Arianism through repeated exiles. On the Incarnation is his central work on why God became man.

10 OF 15 POSITIONS QUOTED
Everything Athanasius holds →
Cite this page

"Athanasius of Alexandria on Original sin & the human will", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/athanasius/original-sin (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/athanasius/original-sin).

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