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Examined Doctrine

Augustine of Hippo on Original sin & the human will

354 – 430 · LATIN FATHER
READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCELEANS TOWARD°
STANCE

Will in bondage; needs sovereign grace to be freed

"By one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin, and so passed upon all men; in which all have sinned."
On the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins I.10, expounding Romans 5:12

THE POSITION

Sin is transmitted by propagation, not imitation — Augustine argues that if Paul meant bad example in Romans 5:12, he'd have named the devil, the first sinner, not Adam. The will's bondage is pictured as a 'heart of stone' that only God can remove; it isn't inert, it's disabled, and can't heal itself without a prior, unrequested act of grace that changes its disposition.

SCRIPTURE
ROMANS 5:12 · BSB

12 Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, so also death was passed on to all men, because all sinned.

17 OTHERS HOLD THIS

Voddie BauchamCalvinJonathan EdwardsThe Church of Eleven22 Statement of FaithM. HeiserJosh HowertonTim KellerSecond London Baptist ConfessionLutherJohn MacArthurJohn OwenJustin PetersJohn PiperR.C. SproulCharles Haddon SpurgeonWestminster ConfessionZwingli
Nature wounded but not destroyed; grace perfects itAQUINAS · ATHANASIUS · EPHESUS
Depraved, but prevenient grace restores ability to respondJACOBUS ARMINIUS · PHILIP MELANCHTHON · WESLEY
Free will substantially intact; God and man cooperateBASIL THE GREAT · CHRYSOSTOM · IRENAEUS
See all 27 figures on original sin & the human will →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Bishop of Hippo. The single most influential theologian in Western Christianity; both Catholic and Reformed traditions claim him. Anti-Pelagian works, the Enchiridion, and On Baptism Against the Donatists.

8 OF 14 POSITIONS QUOTED
Everything Augustine holds →
Cite this page

"Augustine of Hippo on Original sin & the human will", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/augustine/original-sin (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/augustine/original-sin).

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