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Examined Doctrine

Martin Luther on the Trinity

1483 – 1546 · LUTHERAN
READ IN A PRIMARY SOURCEAFFIRMS°
STANCE

One substance, three persons, co-equal and co-eternal

That Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, three distinct persons in one divine essence and nature, are one God, who has created heaven and earth.
Smalcald Articles I.1 (Triglot, Bente & Dau trans.)

THE POSITION

Luther opens the Smalcald Articles with the Trinity and treats it as settled ground he shares with Rome: three distinct persons in one divine essence, the Son begotten of the Father, the Spirit proceeding from Father and Son. He says explicitly that 'concerning these articles there is no contention or dispute, since we on both sides confess them,' and refers the reader to the Apostles' and Athanasian creeds rather than arguing the point.

17 OTHERS HOLD THIS

AthanasiusBasil the GreatCalvinChrysostomConstantinople IJonathan EdwardsThe Church of Eleven22 Statement of FaithM. HeiserSecond London Baptist ConfessionJohn MacArthurPhilip MelanchthonNicaea IJohn OwenJustin PetersR.C. SproulWestminster ConfessionZwingli
Trinitarian in substance but pre-Nicene and terminologically undevelopedIRENAEUS
See all 19 figures on the trinity →

ABOUT THIS FIGURE

Augustinian friar whose protest over indulgences opened the Reformation, and the theologian for whom justification by faith and the bondage of the will are the whole of the gospel. This entry rests on his own writings only — The Bondage of the Will (1525), the Smalcald Articles (1537), the Large and Small Catechisms (1529), Concerning Christian Liberty (1520), the Heidelberg Disputation (1518), the Church Postil and his biblical prefaces — and deliberately excludes the Augsburg Confession and the Formula of Concord, which are not his.

17 OF 18 POSITIONS QUOTED
Everything Luther holds →
Cite this page

"Martin Luther on the Trinity", Examined Doctrine, July 2026 edition, https://examineddoctrine.com/position/luther/trinity (archived at https://examineddoctrine.com/editions/2026-07/position/luther/trinity).

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