Last Things

The millennium & Christ's return

How should Revelation 20 and the timing of Christ's return be read?

AmillennialPremillennialPostmillennialNo required positionNo stance

23 FIGURES · 13 QUOTED · 5 WITHOUT A STANCE

Amillennial

Amillennial — the millennium is the present church age

Augustine of Hippo354 – 430AFFIRMS°STANDARD ACCOUNT Thomas Aquinas1225 – 1274AFFIRMS°STANDARD ACCOUNT John Calvin1509 – 1564LEANS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED Martin Luther1483 – 1546AFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED Philip Melanchthon1497 – 1560AFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED R.C. Sproul1939 – 2017AFFIRMS°STANDARD ACCOUNT Tim Keller1950 – 2023AFFIRMS°STANDARD ACCOUNT

Premillennial

Premillennial — Christ returns before a future millennium

Irenaeus of Lyonsc.130 – c.202AFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED John MacArthur1939 – 2025AFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED John Piperb. 1946AFFIRMS°STANDARD ACCOUNT Justin PeterslivingAFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED

Postmillennial

Postmillennial — the gospel triumphs before Christ returns

John Owen1616 – 1683CONTESTED°DISPUTED READING❝ QUOTED Jonathan Edwards1703 – 1758AFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED

No required position

No required position; several views held faithfully

Athanasius of Alexandriac.296 – 373LEANS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED Second London Baptist Confession1689NOT FOUNDPRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED Westminster Confession1646LEANS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED Josh HowertonlivingAFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE Michael S. Heiser1963 – 2023AFFIRMS°PRIMARY SOURCE❝ QUOTED

Figures who hold no stance here

These are not gaps in the table. Each group below says which kind of blank it is — searched and not found, held open on purpose, never framed in these terms, or deliberately unassigned because no stance fits.

NO STANCE FITS1 FIGURE

Researched, and deliberately unassigned — every available stance would misdescribe the figure.

ChrysostomC.347 – 407DISPUTED READINGNO FIT°“ QUOTED

NO POSITION FOUND4 FIGURES

Searched and not located. An honest gap in the corpus.

Zwingli1484 – 1531DISPUTED READINGNOT FOUND Gavin OrtlundLIVINGNOT LOCATEDNOT FOUND°The Church of Eleven22 Statement of FaithUNDATED (READ 2026) · DOCUMENTNOT LOCATEDNOT FOUND°Voddie BauchamB. 1969NOT LOCATEDNOT FOUND°

How to read a cell — sourcing tiers, blanks, and why some figures are never quoted

PRIMARY SOURCEread in a primary source

STANDARD ACCOUNTstandard scholarly account

DISPUTED READINGdisputed among scholars

NOT LOCATEDnot located in a source

A cell marked quoted carries the figure's own words — 285 of 402of them, about 71%. Where there is no quotation the claim is still sourced, and the tier says how far. 4 figures carry no quotation at all, for reasons that differ: a living author cannot be quoted at length under copyright where Calvin can, and a figure at the standard account tier has simply had no primary-source pass yet. 4 of them state their own reason on their page.

A state label ending in ° was read from the stance, tier and note rather than stated by the corpus. See themethodology.